双语趣闻：假如丧尸真的来了

来源：本站原创时间：2018-03-08 19:14:49

想必大家多少都玩过《生化危机》等丧失题材的游戏，也应该看过《行尸走肉》这类影视作品。我们享受丧尸题材的东西，刺激、紧张，那如果有天丧尸真的来了该怎么办？

在《行尸走肉》中我们经常看到这样的场景：被一群丧尸追赶的两个人，一个人为了自己能够活下去而弄伤了自己的队友，从而让自己得以脱身。当然，以观众的立场来说，许多人一定会认为这种行为很可耻、没人性......但如果有一天，我们也身处在这样丧尸遍地的环境中，你会如何让自己生存下去？科学家专门做了相关模拟，下面是今天的日常英语双语趣闻。

• 丧尸究竟是什么

• 真正的疾病模型

• 这一模型如何工作

• 研究小组模拟后给出的意见

一、丧尸究竟是什么

Zombies are generally transformed directly by the living, not afraid of light and move slowly, only to see the flesh and blood will become fast. People can easily confuse the zombie and the zombie, especially some mainstream biochemical theme games, movies. They all translated into Zombie, such as Resident Evil, Plants vs. Zombies. The common point between Zombies and corpses is that they will infect normal humans.

丧尸一般是由活人直接转化，不怕光且移动缓慢，只有在看到活人血肉时速度极快。人们很容易把丧尸和僵尸搞混，尤其是国内一些主流的生化题材游戏、电影，都把Zombie翻译成了僵尸，如《生化危机》、《植物大战僵尸》。丧尸与僵尸两者相同之处就是他们会让正常人类感染。

二、真正的疾病模型

Alemi and colleagues used standard disease models to estimate the zombie infection rate around the US, assuming humans would need to be infected by a zombie bite (of course). Essentially, they used a realistic model that's very similar to the way epidemiologists calculate the spread of other viruses, but using fictional parameters unique to zombies. They did make some assumptions, including a transportation infrastructure collapse.

美国物理研究学会小组阿勒米和他的同事们使用标准的疾病模型来估计美国周围的丧尸感染率，假设人类需要被丧尸叮咬感染。研究人员使用了一个现实中的模型，这个模型与流行病学家用来计算其它病毒传播方式的模型非常相似，但是使用了丧尸独有的虚拟参数。

The Rockies are the safest place to be in this fictional scenario - sparsely populated and difficult to reach. And big population centers are the worst place to start the outbreak. About 28 days later, they become safer as the areas that surround them become more dangerous.

在这个虚构的场景中，落基山脉是最安全的地方，人口稀少且难以到达。大型人口中心是疫情爆发后最危险的地方，但在大约28天后，它们会变得安全，因为丧尸开始向它们的周边区域转移了。

三、这一模型如何工作

Alemi and coauthors modeled out the population centers of the country and then assumed certain possible interactions, with an element of randomness. A zombie might bite and infect a human or the person might escape or kill the creature. And of course, the undead shamble onward. Also, in reality, an outbreak probably wouldn't start all over the country, and there are some variables. The undead might be more or less aggressive or more or less mobile.

阿勒米和合著者模拟了丧尸出现在人口中心，然后假设某些可能的互动。丧尸可能会咬人并感染人类，人类也可能会逃跑或者杀死丧尸。而且在现实中，疫情爆发可能不会在全国范围内开始。当然了，这其中也有一些变数：丧尸攻击性有多高，移速是多少。

So the research team built an interactive model that allows you to simulate an outbreak, picking a starting point, a zombie-bite to zombie-kill ratio, and whether the zombies are fast or slow. As you can see in the GIF below, a fast-zombie outbreak in New York City would be devastating within 24 hours.

因此，研究小组建立了一个互动模型，可以让你模拟一次疫情爆发：你需要选择一个起点、丧尸感染人的比例以及丧尸的移动速度。模拟显示，纽约城的一次快速丧尸爆发将在24小时内造成毁灭性的破坏。

四、研究小组模拟后给出的意见

Starting in a big city like New York or Atlanta means you are basically screwed from the start in the event of a zombie epidemic there.

如果你生活在纽约或亚特兰大这样的大城市，这就意味着一旦出现丧尸感染，你基本上就完蛋了。

You are much better off starting farther away from people, they say, which gives you a better chance of avoiding infection. Ideally, you'd escape to an almost empty region like the Rocky Mountains. "I'd love to see a fictional account where most of New York City falls in a day, but upstate New York has a month or so to prepare," Alemi said in the APS press release.

研究小组的成员说道：“一般来说，离人群越远越好。最理想的情况是，你会逃到像洛基山脉这样几乎空无一人的地方”。阿勒米在美国物理学会新闻稿中说道：“在我们的模拟中，纽约的大部分地方会在一天之内沦陷，不过纽约北部大概有一个月的时间来做准备”。

看了研究人员的模拟，小编还是感到一丝瑟瑟发抖。但不管丧尸是否真的会来，我们还是要坚持英语口语学习哟~